ASHRAE 90.1-2019 is a key standard from the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), establishing minimum energy efficiency requirements for most commercial buildings in the United States, excluding low-rise residential structures. The standard guides the design and construction of energy-efficient building envelopes, HVAC systems, lighting, and other components (often related to Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing (MEP)). It is widely referenced in federal and state energy codes, ensuring compliance with energy regulations while promoting sustainable development.